Educator Competency and Capacity Development Model in the 21st Century Era (Study of Principal and Teacher Leadership Models in the Indonesian National Education Program "Merdeka Belajar")

Abstract

The era of the 21st Century and Society 5.0 impacts all countries, including Indonesia, which is competing to improve various fields of life, economy, socio-cultural, politics, defense, security, and others. In addition to facing the demands of the 21st century and society 5.0, Indonesia has also experienced a learning crisis over the past 10-15 years, which has resulted in education falling further behind with learning loss and increasing learning gaps between regions and socio-economic groups. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbates this situation. In this paper, the author examines conceptually and empirically how Indonesia is improving to restore the condition of education so that the vision, mission and objectives of Indonesian National Education can be achieved. The Indonesian government restored this learning through the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia launched the "Merdeka Belajar Program" episode 15: Independent Curriculum and Independent Teaching Platform. Implementing the Merdeka Belajar Program is supported by developing the competence and capacity of educators with the leadership model of principals and teachers. Principals and teachers have clear roles and functions in managing educational potential and resources effectively and efficiently to optimally develop students' potential, initiative, ability, and independence. Principals and educators are both leaders, namely principals as leaders of education units and educators as leaders in the learning process. Both must have the competence and capacity to fulfill their duties and obligations following their respective roles and functions.