Cardio Respiratory Efficiency Parameter Between the Smokers and Non-Smokers: A Comparative Study
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Smoking is regarded as the world largest preventable cause of death and a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. According to WHO estimates, the increases the chance of developing non-communicable diseases likes high blood pressure, cancer, and heart disease, all of which are associated to smoking. Each year, tobacco use kills 8.7 million people and causes 10 million more to suffer from diseases that could have been prevented (WHO 2021).
Objects: The study goal was to examine selected cardio-respiratory efficiency characteristics between smokers and non-smokers in men.
Methods: In this study Fifty (n=50) male subjects are selected (25 male smokers and 25 male non-smokers) they are from Jadavpur University, Kolkata, W.B, (India). And they had age limits of 18–25 years. To test the selected cardio-respiratory efficiency parameters, i.e., Manually measured by resting respiratory rate test for RRR, Manually measured by Exercise Respiratory Rate test for ERR, Peak Flow test measured for Peak Expiratory Flow Rate PEFR, Modified Queens College Step Test measured by VO2 max was selected for this study respectively. Descriptive statistics mean Standard Deviation and t-test were applied to assess and compare the selected cardio-respiratory efficiency parameter between male smokers and non-smokers groups, and the Level of significance was set at 0.05.
Result: The result of the study explicated statistically that there was significant difference in selected cardio-respiratory efficiency parameters, i.e., RRR, ERR and PEFR of male smokers and non-smokers group. But VO2 max cardio-respiratory efficiency parameter was no significant difference between the selected male smokers and non-smokers group. Thus, the Researcher concluded that in the non-smokers group, selected cardio-respiratory efficiency parameters, i.e., RRR, ERR, PEFR, and VO2 max are better than the smokers group.
Conclusion: So researcher concludes that smoking is very bad effect for human respiratory function. Smoking decreases the lung and cardio-respiratory function of human body.