Advancements in Membrane Technologies for Enhanced Water Splitting and CO2 Reduction: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

The global pursuit of sustainable energy and environmental solutions has intensified the focus on water splitting and CO2 reduction as promising pathways towards a low-carbon future. Membrane technologies have emerged as crucial components in enhancing the efficiency and selectivity of these processes. This comprehensive review explores recent advancements in membrane technologies for water splitting and CO2 reduction, aiming to provide insights into their fundamental principles, current state-of-the-art developments, and prospects. Various techniques such as electrolysis, electrochemical and photocatalytic CO2 reduction are discussed, highlighting their respective principles and challenges. Subsequently, the role of membranes in facilitating these processes is examined. Different types of membranes are reviewed in terms of their structure, properties, and recent advancements aimed at improving performance. In the realm of water splitting, membranes play a pivotal role in separating reactants and products, enhancing reactions and enabling efficient utilization of resources. Recent developments in membrane have shown promising results in improving water splitting efficiency and durability. Similarly, in CO2 reduction processes, membranes are utilized for gas separation, concentration, and selective transport of species, enabling enhanced reaction and product selectivity. Integration of membrane technologies into water splitting and CO2 reduction systems is another area of focus, with the review examining the advantages and challenges associated with such integration. Integrated membrane systems are presented, showcasing their potential to achieve synergistic effects, and improved overall performance. Despite significant progress, including membrane fouling, stability, and cost-effectiveness, which necessitate further research and development efforts. In conclusion, this review underscores the critical role of membrane technologies in advancing water splitting and CO2 reduction for sustainable energy and environmental applications. By providing a comprehensive overview of recent advancements, challenges, and prospects, this review aims to stimulate further research and innovation in the field, ultimately contributing to the realization of a cleaner and more sustainable future.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/jchr.v14.i2.3372