Unlocking the Role of Gut Microbe Symbiosis, Leads SCFAS and Epigenetic Modifications in Autism Behavioural Development Among Young Children in Cuddalore District

Abstract

Introduction: The significant increase in gastrointestinal (GI) problems observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has spurred research into the gut microbiota as a potential contributor to the etiology of ASD. Gut microbial dysbiosis, a prevalent condition in individuals with autism, has been linked to alterations in cognitive abilities and behavioural patterns. This study focuses on elucidating the impact of gut microbial dysbiosis on gut permeability, which may contribute to the development of autism disorder, with a particular emphasis on the role of autoimmune triggering bacteria’s, autism associated bacteria’s leads to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) changes and causes epigenetics alterations in young children.

Objectives: To Collect the faecal samples from Sri Rishabh Jain Special Intellectual School,To analysis the associated autoimmune disease bacteria by metagenomics studies.

Methods: Faecal samples were collected from a cohort of 25 participants enrolled at Sri Rishabh Jain Special Intellectual School, aged between 3 and 20 years, who met specific criteria for disabilities and behavioural issues. Stool specimens were obtained from 30 of the 25 children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as from all control subjects during their comprehensive physical and psychological assessments. The extraction of fecal microbial DNA was carried out following the manufacturer's recommendations, utilizing the QIAamp Fast DNA Stool Mini kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). The analysis of bacteria associated with autoimmune diseases and involved autism associated bacteria taxa and the analysis of bacteria responsible to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) involved a multi-faceted approach.

Results: We recruited 25 subjects with neurodevelopmental disorders and five controls without any neurodevelopmental issues. The neuro and behavioural paediatrician diagnosed the children and confirmed the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by the criteria of the Autism Rating Scale (CARS). We conducted an examination of microbial markers associated with ASD by assessing differential abundance among 607 species, 297 genera, 38 orders, and 15 phyla. Our analysis included autoimmune-triggering bacteria such as Citrobacter Sp, Fusobacterium Sp, Klebsiella Sp

     Conclusions: We conducted an investigation into the abundance of microbes that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which include acetate, lactate, propionate, and butyrate.