Investigation of Heavy Metals, Aflatoxin M1 and Physicochemical Properties of Milk Used in Baby Dry Milk Formula in Shahrekord City

Abstract

In this study, the characteristics of milk input to Pegah Shahrekord infant milk factory and the effect of season and month of lactation on fat percentage, protein percentage, acidity and density, the amount of lead, cadmium and aflatoxin M1(AFM1) in raw milk were measured. For this purpose, 690 milk samples were collected during the autumn and winter seasons (during September 2018 to March 2019). The level of toxic metals, aflatoxin with HPLC and acidity, fat percentage, dry matter and protein was measured according to standard. The results showed that Mean ± S.D lead in raw milk was 12.52±1.78 ppb and Mean ± S.D cadmium content was 10.8±2.83 ppb, which was lower than the allowable amount of codex for lead and cadmium in milk. AFM1 level in raw milk was 12.44±1.87ppt (Mean ± S.D). The milk input to the plant had mean ± S.D of 2.94±0.082% protein, 3.27±0.18% fat, 11.59±0.31% solids, density 1.0299±0.0008 and acidity 14.6±0.49. Lactation season significantly altered milk protein production (P <0.05). Mean ± S.D. milk production protein was 2.94±0.082%. Lactation season did not have a significant effect on milk fat percentage (P<0.05). Mean ± S.D. percentage of milk fat produced was 3.27±0.18%. Lactation season also had a significant effect on the acidity of milk produced (P<0.05). Milk produced had the average acidity 14.6 (14.6±0.49). Lactation season did not have a significant effect on the percentage of dry matter in the produced milk (P<0.05). Mean ± S.D. dry matter of milk produced was obtained 11.59±0.31. In general, the input milk to Pegah Shahrekord infant milk factory in terms of composition and quality is in line with the reports for milk compounds in Iran and the world.