Oral Lichen Planus of The Past, Present and Future: A Scoping Review of the Genetic End of Clinical Presentation and Prognosis

Abstract

Introduction: Innate immune mechanisms have acquired the limelight owing to their contribution to the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. Another significant concept is that of quantitative thresholds for immune-cell signalling, which states multiple genetic factors of relatively small effect may snowball creating /autoimmune disease activation susceptibility. Lichen planus (LP), a chronic mucocutaneous autoimmune disorder of the stratified squamous epithelium.

Objectives: The genetic basis of the pathogenesis, etiology, clinical manifestation and prognosis demands more clarity.

Methods: A literature search was conducted with keywords such as Oral Lichen Planus, Matrix Metalloproteins 2 (MMP2), Transforming growth factor beta 1(TGFB1), Desmocollin (DCN), Caspase (CASP), Tumor Suppressor Gene (TP53), Tumour Necrosing Factor (TNFα), FAM3B, P53, EGFR and Interleukin 2 (IL2) for peer reviewed articles published in English for OLP.The genetically expressed proteins like MMP, TGFB, DCN,EGFR,TGFR and CASP, predominantly function in the clinical disease manifestation .

Conclusions: The prognosis was attributed to the propensity for malignant transformation was expounded by the dysregulation of TSG, P53 and IL2.