Prevalence of Risk Factors and Comorbidities among Patients with Hypertension

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a major cause of premature death worldwide. An estimated 1.28 billion adults have hypertension and two-thirds of them living in low and middle income countries. Objective: This study was designed to find out the prevalence of hypertension among patients attending to a cardiologist and to determine the prevalence of comorbidities. Methods: This cross sectional study conducted among 1082 patients attending to a cardiologist of three private hospitals of Bangladesh during January 2022 to December 2022. Results: Mean age of the patients was 49.9±9.9 years. More than half (58.3%) of the patients were male. Prevalence of hypertension was found 47.0% among the patients with heart disease. Hypertension was found more prevalent (48.0%) among patients aged 41-60 years. This study found hypertension more in female (64.5%) than male (34.5%). Hypertension was also more prevalent in smokers (73.7%) than non-smokers (39.9%). Class I obesity was prevalent in 8.3% of hypertensive patients. Among the hypertensive patients 31.6% had diabetes mellitus. Dyslipidemia was prevalent in 55.8% of patients with hypertension. Ischemic heart disease was prevalent in 18.9% of hypertensive patients. Conclusion: Risk factors and comorbidities should be address to prevent further complications and adverse health outcomes of hypertension.