Clinical Application of Liquid Biopsy In CNS Tumors With Reference To Exosomes And Mirna

Abstract

In most cases, it is difficult to make an earlier diagnosis of the Central nervous system (CNS) tumour, which continues to be the most lethal cancer. Patients with chemo-resistance who completed their primary therapy are shown to later develop recurrent illnesses. Brain biopsies present hazards and challenges when used when evaluating the effectiveness of treatment and tumour recurrence in CNS tumours. Brain biopsies, on the other hand, are viewed as a surgical procedure with poor specificity and sensitivity. Based on a blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination, the liquid biopsy that is less intrusive and involves serial bodily fluids, is based on a test that is acceptable to patients since it uses just a small amount of blood and CSF. Liquid biopsy has the ability to observe the growth of tumours, present fresh perspectives in real-time, and administer accurate medical care. Circulating exosomes, cell-free microRNAs, circulating tumour DNA, and circulating cancer cells (CTCs) are the main analytical components of a liquid biopsy. Recent years have seen a significant increase in the number of CNS malignancies treated with liquid biopsy, and research into CTCs and ctDNA has received a lot of focus. The clinical application of liquid biopsy indicators for cancer related to the central nervous system will be discussed to determine diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response.