The Effectiveness Of Preoperative Physiotherapy Program On Post-Cardiopulmonary Function Among Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is one of the procedures to repair cardiovascular disease. At the same time, general anesthesia of the surgery decreases the functional pulmonary capacity by nearly 20% and induces many pulmonary complications in the postoperative period. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the preoperative physiotherapy interventional program on the postoperative pulmonary function of patients who undergo CABG surgery. A randomized controlled trial with a concealed allocation of twenty-five males and females who underwent CABG surgery at AL-Maqased hospital. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (they received four supervised sessions in the preoperative period) or a control group (not receiving physiotherapy program preoperatively). Patients in both groups received the hospital routine physiotherapy postoperatively. Primary outcome measures were inspiratory and expiratory lung capacity of incentive spirometer, cough functionality, and chest expansion. The experimental group had a significant increase in upper and lower chest expansion (p=0.037) (p= 0.019) respectively, and cough functionality (P=0.008). The suggested pre-cardiopulmonary physiotherapy interventional program in patients awaiting CABG in the hospital has enhanced aerobic capacity and pulmonary function (cough and chest expansion).