Green Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Using Eucalyptus and Piper Longum Extract and its Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

Background:

This study aimed to synthesize Titanium dioxide nanoparticles using eucalyptus and piper longum extract and evaluate their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecalis .[1]]

Materials and Methods:

Dried leaves of Eucalyptus and Piper longum were used.

These leaves were mixed in 20 ml distilled water, the solution was then brought to a boil and allowed to boil for 15 mins. This solution was then passed through a hydrophilic filter paper to extract the plant solution.[2]

For synthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles, the Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 mL of TiO(OH)2 (0.1 mM) was stirred for 48 hrs. Initially no colour change was noticed.

20 ml of the plant extract was added to 80 ml titanium oxide solution.

The plant extract was then added to the Titanium solution and the solution was again left to stir for 24 hrs. After 24 hours a colour change was noticed, indicating the formation of nanoparticles.

The solution was then placed in a tube, and made to run through the centrifugal machine to extract the titanium oxide nanoparticles.

UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive electron microscopy (EDX) were used to characterise the NPs. The agar disc diffusion technique was used to test antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, S. mutans, and E. faecalis.

RESULTS

The antibacterial activity of TF-TiO2NPs and their dependence on the selected microbial species, which were S. aureus, S. faecalis, E. coli, P. vulgaris, E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, Y. enterocolitica, B. subtilis, and the fungus C. albicans.

Plant extract-mediated TF-TiO2NPs have antimicrobial action against S. aureus (10 mm), E. faecalis (2 mm), S. mutans (2 mm). Zones of inhibition (ZOI) of 2-15 mm were measured using TF-TiO2NPs.

The maximum inhibition zone of S.mutans (18 mm) was found in 1.5% TiO2NP. The standard antibiotic chloramphenicol/nystatin was used as a positive control.

CONCLUSION

Synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles exhibited broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against a vast range of pathogens. In the current scenario, keeping in view the problem of multi drug resistance in bacteria, one of the most promising and novel antimicrobial agents could be the nanoparticles.