Tyg Index and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus- A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of Severity and Prognosis

Abstract

Background:
The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) has emerged as a reliable surrogate marker for insulin resistance and an independent predictor of cardiovascular outcomes. However, the association between the TyG index and cardiovascular risks in individuals with diabetes remains unclear.

Objective:
To assess the predictive value of the TyG index for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Data Sources:

A systematic search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar up to June 2024.

Study Selection:
The meta-analysis included all published randomized controlled trials investigating the TyG index as a risk predictor for CVD in patients with DM.

Data Extraction:
Data extraction was guided by a predefined checklist.

Analytical Approach:
Using RevMan 5 software, the mean and standard deviation for DM patients and healthy controls were pooled from the selected studies. A fixed-effects model was employed to compare the prognosis of CVD between the DM and control groups. Data analyses were conducted in July 2024.

Main Outcomes and Measures:

• Primary Outcome: Evaluation of the TyG index as a predictor for CVD risk in DM patients.


• Secondary Outcome: Assessment of CVD severity in DM patients.

Results:
The initial search yielded 48 records, of which 22 articles underwent full-text evaluation. Seven studies were eligible, including a total of 34,347 DM patients and 58,896 healthy controls. The meta-analysis demonstrated the predictive significance of the TyG index for CVD in diabetic patients (Mean Difference = -2.39, 95% CI -2.53 to -2.25, P < 0.00001). A significant Q statistic (P < 0.00001) indicated the presence of heterogeneity (I² = 99%).

Conclusion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that the TyG index is a significant predictive marker for CVD in DM patients.

Trial Registration:

PROSPERO Identifier