Anti Microbial Activity of Silanized Silver Nanoparticles Impregnated in PMMA Resin Against Strains of C.Albicans – An Invitro Study

Abstract

Introduction:
Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a widely used denture base material owing to its esthetics, ease of fabrication, and cost-effectiveness. However, its susceptibility to microbial adhesion, especially by Candida albicans, can lead to denture-induced stomatitis. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit antimicrobial properties, but poor dispersion within PMMA limits their effectiveness. Coating AgNPs with a silane coupling agent, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, enhances their bonding and distribution in the resin matrix.

Materials and Methods:
An in vitro comparative study was conducted on four groups of PMMA samples: Control (no AgNPs), 0.75% AgNPs, 1.0% AgNPs, and 1.5% AgNPs. Samples were tested against Candida albicans by counting colony-forming units (CFUs) after incubation. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test for normality and Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test for multiple comparisons.

Results:
A significant reduction in CFU count was observed in all experimental groups compared to the control (p < 0.05). The antimicrobial activity increased with higher concentrations of silanized AgNPs, with the 1.5% AgNP group showing the greatest reduction in Candida albicans colonies.

Discussion and Conclusion:
Silanized silver nanoparticles enhanced the antimicrobial properties of PMMA denture base resin. Improved dispersion through silane coating resulted in effective inhibition of Candida albicans. Incorporating silanized AgNPs into denture base materials may reduce microbial colonization and prevent denture-induced stomatitis