Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Biosafety Protocols among Dental Students and Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Dental professionals are at increased risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens, aerosols, and contaminated instruments during routine clinical procedures. Compliance with biosafety protocols is essential to prevent occupational risks and cross-infection. Assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of biosafety among students can help strengthen infection control strategies and educational programs.

Aim: To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding biosafety protocols among dental students, graduate students, and practicing dentists.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from December 2 to December 31, 2025 among dental students, graduate students, and dentists. A validated 32-item questionnaire containing demographic data and closed-ended KAP questions was distributed via Google Forms. A total of 207 valid responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and Karl Pearson correlation coefficients.

Results: The majority of participants demonstrated good knowledge of biosafety principles. 87.92% correctly identified biosafety and 92.75% identified appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). Knowledge regarding post-exposure control measures (81.16%), sharps handling (81.64%) and vaccination requirements (82.61%) was satisfactory. However, knowledge gaps were observed in identifying transmission routes (61.35%), waste management (61.35%) and standard precautions (62.32%). Attitudinal assessments revealed predominantly positive perceptions, with over 85% supporting mandatory biosafety training and recognizing its role in occupational risk reduction. In fact, 78.26% reported using PPE regularly and 88.89% regularly sterilizing equipment. Notably, 30.43% reported occupational exposure, and these incidents are underreported.

Conclusions: Although dentists demonstrated satisfactory knowledge and positive attitudes regarding biosafety, gaps remain in specific technical areas and exposure reporting practices. Strengthening structured training programs, organizational support, and ongoing monitoring are essential to address knowledge and practice gaps and improve compliance with infection control requirements.