Comparative Evaluation of Iso Amyl 2 - Cyanoacrylate with Braided Silk Suture After Periodontal Flap Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: Periodontal diseases induce hard and soft tissue changes necessitating surgical intervention, commonly through flap surgeries. Primary closure of flap margins is critical for establishing a healthy dentogingival unit. Silk sutures, traditionally used for flap closure, are associated with inflammatory responses and secondary infections, highlighting the need for better alternatives. Cyanoacrylates, a group of tissue adhesives, offer potential benefits.

Aim:This clinical study compares the efficacy of Iso Amyl 2-cyanoacrylate with braided silk sutures post-periodontal flap surgery, focusing on wound healing and postoperative pain.

Materials and Methods: A split-mouth, single-blinded study was conducted on twenty sites requiring flap surgery for pocket therapy. Clinical parameters assessed included plaque index, gingival index, wound healing index, and pain using the visual analog scale. Evaluations were performed at baseline and 14 days post-surgery.

Results: Intra and intergroup comparisons were made using paired and unpaired 't' tests, respectively, with non-parametric tests applied for pain and HI scores. The intra-group comparison revealed statistically significant improvements in all parameters from baseline to the 14th day. The intergroup comparison showed significant results favoring the test group (P≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: N-Butyl cyanoacrylate is a reliable alternative to conventional sutures. It is easy to apply, reduces operation time, causes less inflammatory response, and decreases postoperative pain while achieving primary closure comparable to traditional silk sutures.