Intravitreal Ranibizumab for Macular Oedema secondary to BRVO

Abstract

Retinal vein occlusion is a common retinal vascular disorder and an important cause of unilateral, painless visual impairment, with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) frequently complicated by cystoid macular oedema (CMO), the principal driver of reduced central vision. We report a case series from Aarupadai Veedu Medical College (AVMC) describing functional and OCT-guided anatomical outcomes following intravitreal ranibizumab (0.5 mg/0.05 mL) for BRVO-associated macular oedema. Case 1 involved a 50-year-old hypertensive woman with superotemporal BRVO and centre-involving CMO (central macular thickness [CMT] 477 µm) with baseline BCVA 6/18 in the affected eye; after two injections, BCVA improved to 6/9 with CMT reducing to 320 µm after the first dose. Case 2 involved a 32-year-old man without known systemic risk factors who presented late (7 months) with signs of old inferotemporal BRVO and poor baseline BCVA (4/60); following two injections, BCVA improved sequentially to 6/24 and then 6/12. Case 3 involved a 61-year-old woman with poorly controlled hypertension and inferior quadrant BRVO with marked CMO (CMT 584 µm) and severe baseline visual loss (BCVA 1/60); BCVA improved to 6/36 after the first injection and to 6/12 after the second dose administered four weeks later. Overall, intravitreal ranibizumab was associated with rapid symptomatic relief and meaningful visual recovery across varying ages and disease chronicity, supported by OCT-documented reduction in macular oedema in acute presentations.