Clinicopathological Correlation Study of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Single Centre Study in Tamilnadu, India

Abstract

Introduction: Oral Squamous Cell carcinoma is a common cancer with increasing incidence every year. The clinicopathological character of OSCC is varied in different studies.

Objectives: The aim of the study is to identify the prevalence of OSCC cases in our Center, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, Tamilnadu and study the clinicopathological characters.

Methods: A total of 300 case histories of patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma were collected. The following details were collected from the reports: age and gender of the patients, site of the lesion and the histological type.

Results: Of 300 cases, 191 (63.7%) were Male and 109 (36.7%) were female. 48 patients were 40 years or less, and 252 patients were more than 40 years. The common sites of occurrence in the oral cavity were buccal mucosa 142 (47.3%), tongue 53 (17.7%), Mandible 44(14.7%), Maxilla (6.3%), retro molar trigone 16 (5.3%), floor of mouth 11 (3.7%), Palate 10 (3.3%), lip 3 (1%) and labial mucosa 2(0.7%). 231 (77%) were well differentiated, 60 (20%) were moderately differentiated, and 9 (3%) were poorly differentiated. There was no correlation between age and the histological grade of the OSCC cases in our study.

Conclusions: In this center, the predominant age of occurrence is more than 40 years, and the main site of the lesion is buccal mucosa. Identifying the specific site of lesion in a population is important to improve the survival rate of the patients.