Distribution of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes Among Histopathologically Diagnosed Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
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Abstract
Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a precursor of cervical carcinoma, predominantly caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) infection. Genotype-specific data are essential for optimizing screening and vaccination strategies in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to determine the distribution of hr-HPV genotypes in histopathologically diagnosed CIN cases in Bangladeshi women.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Gynecological Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from April 2022 to March 2023. A total of 100 women aged 30–60 years with histopathologically confirmed CIN were enrolled. Cervical specimens were collected and analyzed using the Cobas 4800 PCR system to detect HPV 16, 18, and other hr-HPV types. Associations between HPV genotype, age group, and CIN grade were analyzed using the chi-square test.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 39.9 ± 7.2 years. HPV 16 was detected in 17%, HPV 18 in 3%, and other hr-HPV in 3% of women; two participants had mixed infections. Among the 76 CIN I cases, only one (1.3%) was hr-HPV-positive, whereas all CIN II (n = 11) and CIN III (n = 13) cases were hr-HPV-positive. The association between genotype and histopathological grade was statistically significant (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: HPV 16 is the most prevalent genotype in cervical precancerous lesions, particularly in high-grade CIN. Incorporating HPV genotyping into routine screening can enhance risk stratification and inform targeted vaccination policies for Bangladesh.