Current Prosthodontic Overviews of TMJ Appliances: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders encompass a spectrum of pathologies involving the joint, associated musculature, and occlusion, often leading to pain, dysfunction, and impaired quality of life. Prosthodontic management via intraoral appliances—including occlusal splints, repositioning devices, and total joint prostheses—plays a central role in both conservative and surgical treatment phases. This article reviews the types, mechanisms, clinical indications, outcomes, and limitations of TMJ appliances from a prosthodontic perspective, surveying recent evidence, technological advances, and future directions.