Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Different Treatment Modalities for Condylar Fractures: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Background: Condylar fractures constitute a significant portion of mandibular fractures, ranging from 29% to 52% of all occurrences. These fractures can impair oral functions such as mastication, mouth opening, and occlusion, thereby diminishing a patient's quality of life. Management strategies encompass closed reduction, open reduction with internal fixation, and endoscopy-assisted ORIF.

Aim: This study aimed to compare the quality of life outcomes among patients treated with various modalities for condylar fractures.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 128 patients managed between 2022 and 2024. Participants were stratified into three treatment groups: ORIF, closed reduction, and endoscopy-assisted ORIF. Clinical parameters assessed included nerve injury, scarring, mouth opening, postoperative occlusion, duration of intermaxillary fixation, and masticatory performance.

Results: Statistically significant disparities were identified in scar formation, mouth opening, occlusion, IMF duration, and masticatory performance. However, no significant differences were observed in nerve injury rates across the groups. The EAORIF group exhibited superior cosmetic outcomes and a quicker recovery period compared to both ORIF and CR.

Conclusion: EAORIF offers advantages in reducing morbidity and scarring, while ORIF ensures stable anatomical reduction. Closed reduction remains a viable option for specific patient populations. Treatment planning should be individualized based on patient-specific factors and surgeon expertise.