Evaluation of Occlusal Forces in Distal Extension Removable Partial Denture – An in Vivo Study

Abstract

Introduction: Unilateral distal extension mandibular edentulism (Kennedy Class II) presents a biomechanical challenge in prosthodontic rehabilitation. Age-related changes such as diminished bone quality, reduced neuromuscular coordination, and compromised proprioception may influence occlusal force distribution and prosthesis performance. Digital tools like Occlusense offer a dynamic, quantitative method for evaluating occlusal contacts and force patterns, which is crucial for optimizing prosthetic outcomes in this population

Objectives: To evaluate the occlusal force distribution in patients rehabilitated with unilateral distal extension mandibular removable partial dentures (RPDs) using the Occlusense digital occlusal analysis system

Methods: A total of 10 patients with Kennedy Class II mandibular RPDs were selected. Occlusal force distribution was recorded using the Occlusense device at the time of prosthesis insertion and after occlusal adjustments. Parameters assessed included total occlusal contact area of force distribution between natural teeth and prosthetic areas, and inter-arch balance. Subjective feedback on comfort and chewing efficiency was also obtained.

Results: The study compared bite force distribution between the intervention and contralateral sides in both RPD and implant-supported RPD groups over time. In both groups, the intervention side consistently showed significantly lower bite force than the contralateral side at all time points (baseline, 1st month, and 3rd month). However, a progressive increase in bite force was observed on the intervention side after implant placement, indicating functional improvement over time. Despite this improvement, statistical differences between sides remained significant at each interval (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Selective grinding based on digital occlusion analysis with OccluSense significantly improved occlusal force distribution in complete denture wearers. This approach provides a practical, efficient, and patient-friendly alternative to conventional clinical remounting. However, larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up are recommended to validate these findings.