Ethno-Ecotourism Sumbawa Oil Festival: Chemical Content and Impact of Sustainable Environmental Tourism

Abstract

Introduction: Cultural and natural tourism utilizes natural resources extensively and requires conservation in maintaining local plant ecosystems.

Objectives: The study aims to explore the intersection of cultural heritage, scientific knowledge, and environmental sustainability through the lens of ethno-ecotourism.

Methods: Sumbawa oil, traditionally used by local communities for its medicinal properties, was extracted using the maceration method to preserve its natural compounds. The chemical profile of the oil was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), revealing key bioactive components such as terpenoids and phenolic compounds that support its traditional uses. Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. To evaluate the broader implications of the Sumbawa Oil Festival as an ethno-ecotourism event, a community-based perception survey was conducted using Likert-scale instruments, followed by descriptive and inferential statistical analysis.

Results: The findings indicate that Sumbawa oil and base ingredients have antioxidant activity. The festival positively contributes to cultural identity reinforcement, economic empowerment of local communities, and increased environmental awareness. However, it also highlights potential environmental impacts, such as increased waste generation, pressure on natural resources, and changes in land use.

Conclusions: These results suggest the need for integrated planning that balances cultural promotion with ecological preservation. The study underscores the importance of embedding scientific content, such as chemical literacy, into local tourism initiatives to foster educational value and sustainable environmental practices.