Novel Bioactive Compounds in Methanolic Extract of Andrographis paniculata through GC MS
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Abstract
Introduction
Medicinal plants have garnered significant attention in biotechnology research due to their pivotal role in synthesizing bioactive compounds essential for various pharmaceutical applications. Historically, these plants have been primary sources of numerous biologically active substances, including therapeutic agents, natural dyes, fragrances, and flavour enhancers, especially in India. Herbal remedies often derive from raw plant extracts rich in diverse phytochemicals, predominantly secondary metabolites, which can vary considerably among different plant species. Andrographis paniculata is a well established medicinal herb known for its anti inflammatory, antiviral, and hepatoprotective properties. Despite extensive study of its major diterpenoids, andrographolide, many minor phytochemicals remain unexplored.
Objective
To uncover and profile previously unreported phytoconstituents in A. paniculata leaf extract using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC MS).
Methods
Botanical identity of A. paniculata was validated via morphological and taxonomic criteria. Air dried leaves were pulverized and subjected to methanol extraction by Soxhlet and the concentrated extract underwent. The GC-MS evaluation was performed following standard procedures with a Mass Hunter GC/MS Acquisition B.07.05.2479 system (Agilent Technologies, Inc.).
Result
GC MS profiling identified 14 phytoconstituents, of which one of compounds Dodecanedioic has not been previously reported in A. paniculata based on library match quality and fragmentation patterns.
Conclusion
This study expands the phytochemical repertoire of A. paniculata by reporting one newly compound and fourteen, several compounds of which as fatty acid methyl esters and phenolic ethers contribute to its pharmacological actions. These findings support further bioactivity assays (antioxidant, cytotoxicity, anti inflammatory) to evaluate therapeutic potential and may inform isolation and structure activity relationship studies.