Comparison of Post-Operative Outcome of Interlocking Nailing of Tibia with or Without Fibular Plating in Distal Third Both Bone Fractures
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Abstract
Introduction: Distal one-third tibia and fibula fractures are common and pose significant challenges due to potential complications like valgus deformity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of fibular fixation in managing these fractures and assess its effect on valgus deformity correction.
Objective: The primary objective was to compare valgus angle correction in distal tibial fractures treated with intramedullary interlocking nails, with or without fibular plating, focusing on radiological outcomes and alignment.
Methods: This prospective study included 20 patients divided into two groups: Group A (intramedullary nailing without fibular plating) and Group B (intramedullary nailing with fibular plating). Both groups underwent surgical treatment, with pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up valgus angulation measured to evaluate radiological outcomes. Inclusion criteria involved closed Grade I Gustillo-Anderson fractures of the distal tibia and fibula in patients aged 20-60 years.
Results: There was a significant reduction in valgus angulation in both groups post-treatment and at follow-up, with Group B (fibular plating) demonstrating better alignment. Fracture union time was similar in both groups, ranging from 10 to 20 weeks. Complications included delayed union, infection, and anterior knee pain, with no significant differences between groups.
Conclusion: Fibular fixation significantly improves alignment in distal tibial fractures without affecting healing time or increasing complication rates. It serves as an effective adjunct to intramedullary nailing for better stabilization and valgus deformity correction.