Prosthetic components of implant: A review
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Abstract
The goal of modern dentistry is to restore the patient to normal contour, function, comfort, esthetics, speech, and health by removing a disease process from a tooth or replacing teeth with a prosthesis. What makes implant dentistry unique is the ability to achieve this goal, regardless of the atrophy, disease, or injury of the stomatognathic system. However, the more teeth a patient is missing, the more challenging this task becomes. As a result of continued research, diagnostic tools, treatment planning, implant designs, advanced materials, and techniques, predictable success is now a reality for the rehabilitation of many challenging clinical situations.
Most partially and completely edentulous patients have a variety of treatment options available. It is important to first visualize the desired final prosthesis based on which, the existing bone is evaluated to determine the type and number of implants required to support the desired prosthesis.
There are various designs for the connection of prosthetic implants and abutments. They can be characterized as external and internal connection types by the position of the connection geometry relative to the body of the implant. The prosthetic connection has multiple functions. It serves as a connection between the implant and the prosthesis and is used to transmit the insertion forces required to position the implant into the osteotomy and to align the proper mating feature geometry of the prosthesis components.