Comparative Phytochemical Analysis of Henna (Lawsonia Inermis) in Suspected Counterfeit Marketed Samples

Abstract

Henna (Lawsonia inermis L., Family- Lythraceae) is widely used in cosmetic applications, but the market is inundated with counterfeit products lacking quality assessment, posing risks to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of marketed henna formulations compared to authentic samples using organoleptic characters, physicochemical properties, preliminary phytochemical analysis, and High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). Phytochemical screening revealed a diverse chemical profile, with significant variations in alkaloids, saponins, and steroids among samples. The physicochemical evaluation highlighted elevated ash values in marketed samples, suggesting potential adulteration. HPTLC fingerprinting identified unique phytoconstituents, aiding in the differentiation between authentic and counterfeit samples. This comprehensive analysis underscores the need for stringent quality control measures to ensure consumer safety and maintain the integrity of herbal products in the cosmetic industry.