The Incidence of Cataracts in Dermatological Patients Using Steroid Creams: Cataract Formation in Users of Steroid Skin Creams

Abstract

Background/ Context: Corticosteroids, despite being a very effective line of treatment for various disorders is known to have a wide range of adverse effects. The use of systemic and topical steroids has been associated with cataract formation, however the ophthalmic side effects of application of steroid on skin away from the face has not been studied in depth. With increasing use of corticosteroids as first line of therapy in treatment of various dermatological conditions, the ocular side effects, if any, of these preparations, cannot be overlooked.

Aim: The objective of this study is to investigate the occurrence of cataract in patients who use corticosteroid skin preparations on areas away from the face. Additionally, we aim to examine the relationship between the dosage and duration of steroid therapy and the incidence of cataract development.

Materials & Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with dermatological disorders and receiving treatment with dermatological steroids, excluding the face and periorbital region, for over six months were included in the study group. These patients, aged between 30 and 60 years, were selected for a research study conducted over a two-year period at a tertiary care hospital Visual acuity, Slit lamp bio microscopy, applanation tonometry and detailed fundus examination using indirect Ophthalmoscope were carried out

Results: Findings revealed a notable increase in cataract occurrence among patients applying dermatological steroids on areas other than the face. Moreover, an extended period of steroid use was associated with a higher incidence of cataract. Nonetheless, further investigation through a larger population-based study is required to explore the connection between steroid potency and cataract occurrence, despite initial studies suggesting a clear correlation between the two.

Conclusions: Based on the findings of the study, it is evident that even when steroids are applied away from the face, there is a notable rise in the occurrence of cataracts. While further research on a larger scale is recommended to confirm these results, the current pilot study highlights the importance of using caution when using seemingly harmless steroid creams, as they can lead to significant adverse effects.