Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacotherapeutics of Dostarlimab

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer is a lethal disease in 20^th century with alarming increase in 21^st century.  The prevalence of cancer across the globe in 2020 is 19 million, out of which the occurrence of colorectal cancer is with 10% prevalence and 9.4% mortality.

Objectives: For treating various cancers, a humanized monoclonal antibody programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor antagonist dostarlimab has been developed. This antibody is used to treat adult patients with mismatch repair deficient and also for the advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. T cells express the PD-1 receptors which when gets activated elicit inhibitory immune responses. Certain cancers use this mechanism by overexpressing the PD-1 ligands. This mechanism inhibits the anti-tumor immune response that usually destroys the cancer cells. Immunotherapy is one of the major strategies of cancer treatment. In the clinical trial the anti-programmed cell death protein (PD-1) monoclonal antibody has shown 100% cure for the colorectal cancer.

Conclusions: The result also confirmed that there are no side effects of the treatment in the participatory subjects. Promising results of dostarlimab has been shown in treating ovarian cancer, melanoma, endometrial cancer, breast cancer and neck cancer.  This article reviews about the structure, uses, pharmacodynamics, and mechanism of action and its clinical trials of dostarlimab in cancer therapy.