Occupational Noise Exposure: Sound Levels in Dental Office and Self-Perceived Hearing Impairment Among Dental Professionals in Chennai City, India - A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Occupational noise exposure in dental offices poses a significant risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) among dental professionals. This study aims to assess the association between sound levels in dental offices and self-perceived hearing impairment among dental professionals in Chennai City.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over two months in two dental institutions and ten private clinics. Sound levels were measured using a sound level meter at three different locations within each workplace during peak and average times. Eighty dental practitioners with more than five years of practice were surveyed using a structured questionnaire assessing their awareness and experiences of NIHL. Descriptive analysis was performed and the Fischer exact test was performed. (p-value < 0.05)

Results: The highest mean sound level was found in the Prosthodontics department (87.9±9.67 dB) and the lowest in the Periodontics department (78.1±8.63 dB). Dentists working more than 7 hours per day reported a higher incidence of hearing impairment (63.6%, p=0.02). Practitioners with 5-10 years of experience frequently reported tinnitus and ear fullness (40%, p=0.038).

Discussion: The study reveals significant occupational noise levels in dental offices, contributing to the prevalence of hearing impairment among dental professionals. Despite the risks, the use of hearing protection is minimal. Noise levels often exceeded the NIOSH-recommended maximum limit associating with increased self-perceived hearing impairment. (p<0.014)

Conclusion: Immediate interventions are needed to mitigate noise exposure and its adverse effects on dental professionals. Implementing noise control measures, along with increased awareness and training, is crucial for promoting occupational health in dental practices.