The Effect of Moringa Oleifera Lam Leaf Extract on the Kidney and Liver of Rat Exposed to Lead Acetate

Abstract

Introduction: Lead (Pb) is an environmentally friendly and toxic heavy metal, characterized by high stability and ease of transportation

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of leaf extract from Moringa oleifera on the kidney and liver of rats exposed to lead acetate.

Methods: Twenty-five rats were divided randomly into five groups. The control (C) group: rats were exposed to distilled water and 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC Na) orally at four h intervals. The rats of T0, T1, T2, and T3 group were exposed to 50 mg/kg BW/day lead acetate, followed by administration of 0.5% CMC Na, Moringa leaf extract 200, 316, and 500 mg/kg BW/day, respectively 4 h later for 20 days. On the 21st day, the rats were sacrificed, for evaluate the hepatic and renal histopathologic slides and functional chemicals marker.

Results: The results showed that rats in the T0 group have the higher (p<0.05) of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lower (p<0.05) of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity than on the C group. These changes were followed by the higher scores of renal degeneration, renal necrosis, hepatic degeneration, hepatic necrosis,  levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyrufic transaminase  (SGPT), leucocyte and basophils profile and the lower (p<0.05) of monocyte profile. Administration of Moringa leaf extract in groups of T1, T2, and T3 were followed by restore MDA levels and SOD activity, and briefly, repaired the damages.

Conclusions: It could be concluded that Moringa oleifera leaf extract increased SOD activity, reduced MDA levels and ameliorate histological damage and chemicals marker of hepatic and renal function of rats exposed to lead acetate.