Assessing the Effectiveness of Video-Assisted Teaching on Caregivers' Management of Extrapyramidal Symptoms in Schizophrenia Patients

Abstract

Background: Schizophrenia affects about 1% of the global population, causing significant impairments in cognitive and social functioning. Antipsychotic medications, although effective, often induce extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), which adversely impact patient quality of life and medication adherence. Caregivers play a crucial role in managing these symptoms, yet many lack the necessary knowledge and skills. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a video-assisted teaching program in improving caregivers' management of EPS.

Objective: To assess the impact of a video-assisted teaching program on caregivers' knowledge and practices regarding EPS prevention and management, and to evaluate its effect on reducing caregiver burden and enhancing patient outcomes.

Methods: A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test evaluations was employed. Sixty caregivers of schizophrenia patients from Trichy Athma Hospital participated. The intervention comprised four weekly video modules on schizophrenia, antipsychotic medications, EPS management, and practical caregiving skills. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted using a structured questionnaire and practical assessment checklist.

Results: The mean pre-test knowledge score was 7.68 (38% of the total possible score), which significantly improved to 16.73 (84%) post-intervention (t=30.35, P<0.001). The mean practice score increased from 6.28 (42%) to 13.41 (89%) (t=24.547, P<0.001). No significant associations were found between demographic variables and pre-test scores, indicating uniform baseline knowledge and practice levels across the study population.

Discussion: The significant improvements in both knowledge and practical skills underscore the effectiveness of the video-assisted teaching program. This intervention addresses critical educational gaps, empowering caregivers with the necessary competencies to manage EPS effectively.

Conclusion: Video-assisted teaching is a practical and efficient method to enhance caregiver education, leading to better management of EPS, improved patient adherence to medication, and overall enhanced patient and caregiver outcomes. Broad implementation of such educational programs is recommended to support caregivers universally.